MEDICAL CONDITIONS OF THE SHOULDER

SHOULDER CONDITIONS
AT GUSTAVEL ORTHOPEDICS

The shoulder is a ball and socket joint in which the shallow nature of the socket allows for greater range of motion. The shoulder has two main joints. The humeral head and the glenoid (socket) meet to form the glenohumeral joint. The glenoid labrum, the joint capsule and the rotator cuff all help to stabilize the humeral head in the socket. The acromion and the clavicle meet to form the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. The AC joint is stabilized by ligaments and serves as a pivot point, further increasing our range of motion. There is a lubricating sac known as the bursa that lies just underneath the acromion and above the rotator cuff that allows the rotator cuff to glide more easily when you move your arm.

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body. That mobility allows us to use our shoulder in a variety of ways. Some people lack the strength to go along with that mobility which can lead to problems in the shoulder joint.

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FROZEN SHOULDER

Adhesive capsulitis or “frozen shoulder” is a very painful condition that occurs from inflammation of the capsule of the shoulder. As the capsule becomes more thickened and inflamed, patients complain of pain and decreased range of motion.

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IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME

A common cause of shoulder pain is impingement syndrome. Impingement can occur when you move your arm over your head because the space between the rotator cuff and the scorpion narrows.

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LABRAL TEAR

The glenoid (socket) of the shoulder is lined with a soft cartilaginous rim to help stabilize the humeral head and to provide a cushion between the bones. The long head of the biceps tendon also inserts on the superior labrum.

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ROTATOR CUFF TEAR

The rotator cuff is comprised of four muscles that come together to form the rotator cuff tendon: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, trees minor, and subscapularis. Persistent inflammation to the subacromial bursa and the rotator cuff tendons can often lead to tendonitis and eventually a partial or full thickness tear of the rotator cuff.

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SHOULDER INSTABILITY

Shoulder instability is a chronic condition where your shoulder is loose and may repeatedly slip out of its socket. Since your shoulder joint has an extensive range of motion, it is also vulnerable to dislocation and instability. Shoulder instability is more common in athletes or people who have jobs that require frequent overhead motion.

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